Voici un pseudo-code pour récupérer les éléments suivants:
- Si une clé de registre existe
- Quelle est la valeur par défaut de cette clé de registre
- Qu'est-ce qu'une valeur de chaîne
- Qu'est-ce qu'une valeur DWORD
Exemple de code:
Incluez la dépendance de bibliothèque: Advapi32.lib
HKEY hKey;
LONG lRes = RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, L"SOFTWARE\\Perl", 0, KEY_READ, &hKey);
bool bExistsAndSuccess (lRes == ERROR_SUCCESS);
bool bDoesNotExistsSpecifically (lRes == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND);
std::wstring strValueOfBinDir;
std::wstring strKeyDefaultValue;
GetStringRegKey(hKey, L"BinDir", strValueOfBinDir, L"bad");
GetStringRegKey(hKey, L"", strKeyDefaultValue, L"bad");
LONG GetDWORDRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, DWORD &nValue, DWORD nDefaultValue)
{
nValue = nDefaultValue;
DWORD dwBufferSize(sizeof(DWORD));
DWORD nResult(0);
LONG nError = ::RegQueryValueExW(hKey,
strValueName.c_str(),
0,
NULL,
reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(&nResult),
&dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
nValue = nResult;
}
return nError;
}
LONG GetBoolRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, bool &bValue, bool bDefaultValue)
{
DWORD nDefValue((bDefaultValue) ? 1 : 0);
DWORD nResult(nDefValue);
LONG nError = GetDWORDRegKey(hKey, strValueName.c_str(), nResult, nDefValue);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
bValue = (nResult != 0) ? true : false;
}
return nError;
}
LONG GetStringRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, std::wstring &strValue, const std::wstring &strDefaultValue)
{
strValue = strDefaultValue;
WCHAR szBuffer[512];
DWORD dwBufferSize = sizeof(szBuffer);
ULONG nError;
nError = RegQueryValueExW(hKey, strValueName.c_str(), 0, NULL, (LPBYTE)szBuffer, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
strValue = szBuffer;
}
return nError;
}
RegOpenKeyExW
etRegQueryValueExW
leur équivalent agnostique "jeu de caractères"RegOpenKeyEx
etRegQueryValueEx
const CString REG_SW_GROUP_I_WANT = _T("SOFTWARE\\My Corporation\\My Package\\Group I want"); const CString REG_KEY_I_WANT= _T("Key Name"); CRegKey regKey; DWORD dwValue = 0; if(ERROR_SUCCESS != regKey.Open(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, REG_SW_GROUP_I_WANT)) { m_pobLogger->LogError(_T("CRegKey::Open failed in Method")); regKey.Close(); goto Function_Exit; } if( ERROR_SUCCESS != regKey.QueryValue( dwValue, REG_KEY_I_WANT)) { m_pobLogger->LogError(_T("CRegKey::QueryValue Failed in Method")); regKey.Close(); goto Function_Exit; } // dwValue has the stuff now - use for further processing
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CRegKey
sonne comme le pays ATL ou MFC.Depuis Windows> = Vista / Server 2008, RegGetValue est disponible, ce qui est une fonction plus sûre que RegQueryValueEx . Pas besoin de
RegOpenKeyEx
,RegCloseKey
ou desNUL
contrôles de terminaison de valeurs de chaîne (REG_SZ
,REG_MULTI_SZ
,REG_EXPAND_SZ
).#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <exception> #include <windows.h> /*! \brief Returns a value from HKLM as string. \exception std::runtime_error Replace with your error handling. */ std::wstring GetStringValueFromHKLM(const std::wstring& regSubKey, const std::wstring& regValue) { size_t bufferSize = 0xFFF; // If too small, will be resized down below. std::wstring valueBuf; // Contiguous buffer since C++11. valueBuf.resize(bufferSize); auto cbData = static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize * sizeof(wchar_t)); auto rc = RegGetValueW( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, regSubKey.c_str(), regValue.c_str(), RRF_RT_REG_SZ, nullptr, static_cast<void*>(valueBuf.data()), &cbData ); while (rc == ERROR_MORE_DATA) { // Get a buffer that is big enough. cbData /= sizeof(wchar_t); if (cbData > static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize)) { bufferSize = static_cast<size_t>(cbData); } else { bufferSize *= 2; cbData = static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize * sizeof(wchar_t)); } valueBuf.resize(bufferSize); rc = RegGetValueW( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, regSubKey.c_str(), regValue.c_str(), RRF_RT_REG_SZ, nullptr, static_cast<void*>(valueBuf.data()), &cbData ); } if (rc == ERROR_SUCCESS) { cbData /= sizeof(wchar_t); valueBuf.resize(static_cast<size_t>(cbData - 1)); // remove end null character return valueBuf; } else { throw std::runtime_error("Windows system error code: " + std::to_string(rc)); } } int main() { std::wstring regSubKey; #ifdef _WIN64 // Manually switching between 32bit/64bit for the example. Use dwFlags instead. regSubKey = L"SOFTWARE\\WOW6432Node\\Company Name\\Application Name\\"; #else regSubKey = L"SOFTWARE\\Company Name\\Application Name\\"; #endif std::wstring regValue(L"MyValue"); std::wstring valueFromRegistry; try { valueFromRegistry = GetStringValueFromHKLM(regSubKey, regValue); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); } std::wcout << valueFromRegistry; }
Son paramètre
dwFlags
prend en charge les indicateurs de restriction de type, remplissant le tampon de valeurs avec des zéros en cas d'échec (RRF_ZEROONFAILURE
) et un accès au registre 32/64 bits (RRF_SUBKEY_WOW6464KEY
,RRF_SUBKEY_WOW6432KEY
) pour les programmes 64 bits.la source
La paire RegOpenKey et RegQueryKeyEx fera l'affaire.
Si vous utilisez la classe MFC CRegKey est une solution encore plus simple.
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RegQueryValueEx
Cela donne la valeur si elle existe et renvoie un code d'erreur ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND si la clé n'existe pas.
(Je ne peux pas dire si mon lien fonctionne ou non, mais si vous recherchez simplement "RegQueryValueEx" sur Google, le premier appel est la documentation msdn.)
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Cette application console répertorie toutes les valeurs et leurs données à partir d'une clé de registre pour la plupart des valeurs de registre potentielles. Il y en a des étranges qui ne sont pas souvent utilisés. Si vous devez tous les prendre en charge, développez-vous à partir de cet exemple en référençant cette documentation de type de valeur de registre .
Que ce soit le contenu de la clé de registre que vous pouvez importer à partir d'un
.reg
format de fichier:Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\added\subkey] "String_Value"="hello, world!" "Binary_Value"=hex:01,01,01,01 "Dword value"=dword:00001224 "QWord val"=hex(b):24,22,12,00,00,00,00,00 "multi-line val"=hex(7):4c,00,69,00,6e,00,65,00,20,00,30,00,00,00,4c,00,69,00,\ 6e,00,65,00,20,00,31,00,00,00,4c,00,69,00,6e,00,65,00,20,00,32,00,00,00,00,\ 00 "expanded_val"=hex(2):25,00,55,00,53,00,45,00,52,00,50,00,52,00,4f,00,46,00,49,\ 00,4c,00,45,00,25,00,5c,00,6e,00,65,00,77,00,5f,00,73,00,74,00,75,00,66,00,\ 66,00,00,00
L'application console elle-même:
#include <Windows.h> #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <locale> #include <vector> #include <iomanip> int wmain() { const auto hKey = HKEY_CURRENT_USER; constexpr auto lpSubKey = TEXT("added\\subkey"); auto openedKey = HKEY(); auto status = RegOpenKeyEx(hKey, lpSubKey, 0, KEY_READ, &openedKey); if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) { auto valueCount = static_cast<DWORD>(0); auto maxNameLength = static_cast<DWORD>(0); auto maxValueLength = static_cast<DWORD>(0); status = RegQueryInfoKey(openedKey, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &valueCount, &maxNameLength, &maxValueLength, NULL, NULL); if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) { DWORD type = 0; DWORD index = 0; std::vector<wchar_t> valueName = std::vector<wchar_t>(maxNameLength + 1); std::vector<BYTE> dataBuffer = std::vector<BYTE>(maxValueLength); for (DWORD index = 0; index < valueCount; index++) { DWORD charCountValueName = static_cast<DWORD>(valueName.size()); DWORD charBytesData = static_cast<DWORD>(dataBuffer.size()); status = RegEnumValue(openedKey, index, valueName.data(), &charCountValueName, NULL, &type, dataBuffer.data(), &charBytesData); if (type == REG_SZ) { const auto reg_string = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << reg_string << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_EXPAND_SZ) { const auto casted = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); TCHAR buffer[32000]; ExpandEnvironmentStrings(casted, buffer, 32000); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_EXPAND_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData: " << buffer << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_MULTI_SZ) { std::vector<std::wstring> lines; const auto str = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); auto line = str; lines.emplace_back(line); for (auto i = 0; i < charBytesData / sizeof(wchar_t) - 1; i++) { const auto c = str[i]; if (c == 0) { line = str + i + 1; const auto new_line = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(line); if (wcsnlen_s(new_line, 1024) > 0) lines.emplace_back(new_line); } } std::wcout << L"Type: REG_MULTI_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData: " << std::endl; for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) { std::wcout << L"\t\tLine[" << i + 1 << L"]: " << lines[i] << std::endl; } } if (type == REG_DWORD) { const auto dword_value = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_DWORD" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << std::to_wstring(*dword_value) << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_QWORD) { const auto qword_value = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long long*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_DWORD" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << std::to_wstring(*qword_value) << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_BINARY) { std::vector<uint16_t> bins; for (auto i = 0; i < charBytesData; i++) { bins.push_back(static_cast<uint16_t>(dataBuffer[i])); } std::wcout << L"Type: REG_BINARY" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData:"; for (size_t i = 0; i < bins.size(); i++) { std::wcout << L" " << std::uppercase << std::hex << \ std::setw(2) << std::setfill(L'0') << std::to_wstring(bins[i]); } std::wcout << std::endl; } } } } RegCloseKey(openedKey); return 0; }
Sortie console attendue:
Type: REG_SZ Name: String_Value Data : hello, world! Type: REG_BINARY Name: Binary_Value Data: 01 01 01 01 Type: REG_DWORD Name: Dword value Data : 4644 Type: REG_DWORD Name: QWord val Data : 1188388 Type: REG_MULTI_SZ Name: multi-line val Data: Line[1]: Line 0 Line[2]: Line 1 Line[3]: Line 2 Type: REG_EXPAND_SZ Name: expanded_val Data: C:\Users\user name\new_stuff
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En général, la clé et la valeur du registre sont des constantes dans le programme. Si tel est le cas, voici un exemple de lecture d'une valeur de registre DWORD
Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem\LongPathsEnabled
:#include <windows.h> DWORD val; DWORD dataSize = sizeof(val); if (ERROR_SUCCESS == RegGetValueA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\FileSystem", "LongPathsEnabled", RRF_RT_DWORD, nullptr /*type not required*/, &val, &dataSize)) { printf("Value is %i\n", val); // no CloseKey needed because it is a predefined registry key } else { printf("Error reading.\n"); }
Pour s'adapter à d'autres types de valeur, consultez https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winreg/nf-winreg-reggetvaluea pour les spécifications complètes.
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#include <windows.h> #include <map> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <tr1/stdint.h> using namespace std; void printerr(DWORD dwerror) { LPVOID lpMsgBuf; FormatMessage( FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, dwerror, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), // Default language (LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL ); // Process any inserts in lpMsgBuf. // ... // Display the string. if (isOut) { fprintf(fout, "%s\n", lpMsgBuf); } else { printf("%s\n", lpMsgBuf); } // Free the buffer. LocalFree(lpMsgBuf); } bool regreadSZ(string& hkey, string& subkey, string& value, string& returnvalue, string& regValueType) { char s[128000]; map<string,HKEY> keys; keys["HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT"]=HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT; keys["HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG"]=HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG; //DID NOT SURVIVE? keys["HKEY_CURRENT_USER"]=HKEY_CURRENT_USER; keys["HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"]=HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE; keys["HKEY_USERS"]=HKEY_USERS; HKEY mykey; map<string,DWORD> valuetypes; valuetypes["REG_SZ"]=REG_SZ; valuetypes["REG_EXPAND_SZ"]=REG_EXPAND_SZ; valuetypes["REG_MULTI_SZ"]=REG_MULTI_SZ; //probably can't use this. LONG retval=RegOpenKeyEx( keys[hkey], // handle to open key subkey.c_str(), // subkey name 0, // reserved KEY_READ, // security access mask &mykey // handle to open key ); if (ERROR_SUCCESS != retval) {printerr(retval); return false;} DWORD slen=128000; DWORD valuetype = valuetypes[regValueType]; retval=RegQueryValueEx( mykey, // handle to key value.c_str(), // value name NULL, // reserved (LPDWORD) &valuetype, // type buffer (LPBYTE)s, // data buffer (LPDWORD) &slen // size of data buffer ); switch(retval) { case ERROR_SUCCESS: //if (isOut) { // fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_SUCCESS:succeeded.\n"); //} else { // printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_SUCCESS:succeeded.\n"); //} break; case ERROR_MORE_DATA: //what do I do now? data buffer is too small. if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_MORE_DATA: need bigger buffer.\n"); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_MORE_DATA: need bigger buffer.\n"); } return false; case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: registry value does not exist.\n"); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: registry value does not exist.\n"); } return false; default: if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():unknown error type 0x%lx.\n", retval); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():unknown error type 0x%lx.\n", retval); } return false; } retval=RegCloseKey(mykey); if (ERROR_SUCCESS != retval) {printerr(retval); return false;} returnvalue = s; return true; }
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