Comment développer un clavier logiciel pour Android? [fermé]

Je voudrais jouer avec quelques idées et développer un clavier logiciel pour Android pour remplacer celui par défaut.

• Existe-t-il des informations générales sur le développement de clavier virtuel pour Android? Des bonnes pratiques ou des directives?

• Puis-je faire avec mon application clavier à peu près tout ce que je pourrais faire avec une application Android normale?

• Puis-je établir des connexions HTTP pour synchroniser les données du clavier avec une base de données cloud et d'autres téléphones que j'ai?

• Puis-je ouvrir d'autres fenêtres / écrans en appuyant sur une touche, par exemple pour afficher une interface de saisie personnalisée différente d'une interface QWERTY normale. Si cela ne fonctionne pas, puis-je utiliser une boîte de dialogue contextuelle à la place?

Quelques conseils:

• Lisez ce didacticiel: Création d'une méthode d'entrée
• cloner ce dépôt : LatinIME

À propos de vos questions:

Un inputMethod est essentiellement un Android Service, donc oui, vous pouvez faire HTTP et tout ce que vous pouvez faire dans un fichier Service.

Vous pouvez ouvrir Activitieset dialogues à partir du InputMethod. Encore une fois, c'est juste un Service.

J'ai développé un IME, alors demandez à nouveau si vous rencontrez un problème.

Créer un clavier personnalisé pour votre propre EditText

Télécharger le code entier

Dans cet article, j'ai créé un clavier simple qui contient des touches spéciales telles que (touches France) et il est pris en charge par les lettres majuscules et minuscules et les touches numériques et certains symboles.

package sra.keyboard;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.View.OnFocusChangeListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;

public class Main extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnClickListener,
  OnFocusChangeListener {
 private EditText mEt, mEt1; // Edit Text boxes
 private Button mBSpace, mBdone, mBack, mBChange, mNum;
 private RelativeLayout mLayout, mKLayout;
 private boolean isEdit = false, isEdit1 = false;
 private String mUpper = "upper", mLower = "lower";
 private int w, mWindowWidth;
 private String sL[] = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j",
   "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w",
   "x", "y", "z", "ç", "à", "é", "è", "û", "î" };
 private String cL[] = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J",
   "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W",
   "X", "Y", "Z", "ç", "à", "é", "è", "û", "î" };
 private String nS[] = { "!", ")", "'", "#", "3", "$", "%", "&", "8", "*",
   "?", "/", "+", "-", "9", "0", "1", "4", "@", "5", "7", "(", "2",
   "\"", "6", "_", "=", "]", "[", "<", ">", "|" };
 private Button mB[] = new Button[32];

 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  try {
   setContentView(R.layout.main);
   // adjusting key regarding window sizes
   setKeys();
   setFrow();
   setSrow();
   setTrow();
   setForow();
   mEt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.xEt);
   mEt.setOnTouchListener(this);
   mEt.setOnFocusChangeListener(this);
   mEt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et1);

   mEt1.setOnTouchListener(this);
   mEt1.setOnFocusChangeListener(this);
   mEt.setOnClickListener(this);
   mEt1.setOnClickListener(this);
   mLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.xK1);
   mKLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.xKeyBoard);

  } catch (Exception e) {
   Log.w(getClass().getName(), e.toString());
  }

 }

 @Override
 public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
  if (v == mEt) {
   hideDefaultKeyboard();
   enableKeyboard();

  }
  if (v == mEt1) {
   hideDefaultKeyboard();
   enableKeyboard();

  }
  return true;
 }

 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {

  if (v == mBChange) {

   if (mBChange.getTag().equals(mUpper)) {
    changeSmallLetters();
    changeSmallTags();
   } else if (mBChange.getTag().equals(mLower)) {
    changeCapitalLetters();
    changeCapitalTags();
   }

  } else if (v != mBdone && v != mBack && v != mBChange && v != mNum) {
   addText(v);

  } else if (v == mBdone) {

   disableKeyboard();

  } else if (v == mBack) {
   isBack(v);
  } else if (v == mNum) {
   String nTag = (String) mNum.getTag();
   if (nTag.equals("num")) {
    changeSyNuLetters();
    changeSyNuTags();
    mBChange.setVisibility(Button.INVISIBLE);

   }
   if (nTag.equals("ABC")) {
    changeCapitalLetters();
    changeCapitalTags();
   }

  }

 }

 @Override
 public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
  if (v == mEt && hasFocus == true) {
   isEdit = true;
   isEdit1 = false;

  } else if (v == mEt1 && hasFocus == true) {
   isEdit = false;
   isEdit1 = true;

  }

 }

 private void addText(View v) {
  if (isEdit == true) {
   String b = "";
   b = (String) v.getTag();
   if (b != null) {
    // adding text in Edittext
    mEt.append(b);

   }
  }

  if (isEdit1 == true) {
   String b = "";
   b = (String) v.getTag();
   if (b != null) {
    // adding text in Edittext
    mEt1.append(b);

   }

  }

 }

 private void isBack(View v) {
  if (isEdit == true) {
   CharSequence cc = mEt.getText();
   if (cc != null && cc.length() > 0) {
    {
     mEt.setText("");
     mEt.append(cc.subSequence(0, cc.length() - 1));
    }

   }
  }

  if (isEdit1 == true) {
   CharSequence cc = mEt1.getText();
   if (cc != null && cc.length() > 0) {
    {
     mEt1.setText("");
     mEt1.append(cc.subSequence(0, cc.length() - 1));
    }
   }
  }
 }
 private void changeSmallLetters() {
  mBChange.setVisibility(Button.VISIBLE);
  for (int i = 0; i < sL.length; i++)
   mB[i].setText(sL[i]);
  mNum.setTag("12#");
 }
 private void changeSmallTags() {
  for (int i = 0; i < sL.length; i++)
   mB[i].setTag(sL[i]);
  mBChange.setTag("lower");
  mNum.setTag("num");
 }
 private void changeCapitalLetters() {
  mBChange.setVisibility(Button.VISIBLE);
  for (int i = 0; i < cL.length; i++)
   mB[i].setText(cL[i]);
  mBChange.setTag("upper");
  mNum.setText("12#");

 }

 private void changeCapitalTags() {
  for (int i = 0; i < cL.length; i++)
   mB[i].setTag(cL[i]);
  mNum.setTag("num");

 }

 private void changeSyNuLetters() {

  for (int i = 0; i < nS.length; i++)
   mB[i].setText(nS[i]);
  mNum.setText("ABC");
 }

 private void changeSyNuTags() {
  for (int i = 0; i < nS.length; i++)
   mB[i].setTag(nS[i]);
  mNum.setTag("ABC");
 }

 // enabling customized keyboard
 private void enableKeyboard() {

  mLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.VISIBLE);
  mKLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.VISIBLE);

 }

 // Disable customized keyboard
 private void disableKeyboard() {
  mLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.INVISIBLE);
  mKLayout.setVisibility(RelativeLayout.INVISIBLE);

 }

 private void hideDefaultKeyboard() {
  getWindow().setSoftInputMode(
    WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);

 }

 private void setFrow() {
  w = (mWindowWidth / 13);
  w = w - 15;
  mB[16].setWidth(w);
  mB[22].setWidth(w + 3);
  mB[4].setWidth(w);
  mB[17].setWidth(w);
  mB[19].setWidth(w);
  mB[24].setWidth(w);
  mB[20].setWidth(w);
  mB[8].setWidth(w);
  mB[14].setWidth(w);
  mB[15].setWidth(w);
  mB[16].setHeight(50);
  mB[22].setHeight(50);
  mB[4].setHeight(50);
  mB[17].setHeight(50);
  mB[19].setHeight(50);
  mB[24].setHeight(50);
  mB[20].setHeight(50);
  mB[8].setHeight(50);
  mB[14].setHeight(50);
  mB[15].setHeight(50);

 }

 private void setSrow() {
  w = (mWindowWidth / 10);
  mB[0].setWidth(w);
  mB[18].setWidth(w);
  mB[3].setWidth(w);
  mB[5].setWidth(w);
  mB[6].setWidth(w);
  mB[7].setWidth(w);
  mB[26].setWidth(w);
  mB[9].setWidth(w);
  mB[10].setWidth(w);
  mB[11].setWidth(w);
  mB[26].setWidth(w);

  mB[0].setHeight(50);
  mB[18].setHeight(50);
  mB[3].setHeight(50);
  mB[5].setHeight(50);
  mB[6].setHeight(50);
  mB[7].setHeight(50);
  mB[9].setHeight(50);
  mB[10].setHeight(50);
  mB[11].setHeight(50);
  mB[26].setHeight(50);
 }

 private void setTrow() {
  w = (mWindowWidth / 12);
  mB[25].setWidth(w);
  mB[23].setWidth(w);
  mB[2].setWidth(w);
  mB[21].setWidth(w);
  mB[1].setWidth(w);
  mB[13].setWidth(w);
  mB[12].setWidth(w);
  mB[27].setWidth(w);
  mB[28].setWidth(w);
  mBack.setWidth(w);

  mB[25].setHeight(50);
  mB[23].setHeight(50);
  mB[2].setHeight(50);
  mB[21].setHeight(50);
  mB[1].setHeight(50);
  mB[13].setHeight(50);
  mB[12].setHeight(50);
  mB[27].setHeight(50);
  mB[28].setHeight(50);
  mBack.setHeight(50);

 }

 private void setForow() {
  w = (mWindowWidth / 10);
  mBSpace.setWidth(w * 4);
  mBSpace.setHeight(50);
  mB[29].setWidth(w);
  mB[29].setHeight(50);

  mB[30].setWidth(w);
  mB[30].setHeight(50);

  mB[31].setHeight(50);
  mB[31].setWidth(w);
  mBdone.setWidth(w + (w / 1));
  mBdone.setHeight(50);

 }

 private void setKeys() {
  mWindowWidth = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth(); // getting
  // window
  // height
  // getting ids from xml files
  mB[0] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xA);
  mB[1] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xB);
  mB[2] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xC);
  mB[3] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xD);
  mB[4] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xE);
  mB[5] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xF);
  mB[6] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xG);
  mB[7] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xH);
  mB[8] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xI);
  mB[9] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xJ);
  mB[10] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xK);
  mB[11] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xL);
  mB[12] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xM);
  mB[13] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xN);
  mB[14] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xO);
  mB[15] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xP);
  mB[16] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xQ);
  mB[17] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xR);
  mB[18] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS);
  mB[19] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xT);
  mB[20] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xU);
  mB[21] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xV);
  mB[22] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xW);
  mB[23] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xX);
  mB[24] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xY);
  mB[25] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xZ);
  mB[26] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS1);
  mB[27] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS2);
  mB[28] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS3);
  mB[29] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS4);
  mB[30] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS5);
  mB[31] = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xS6);
  mBSpace = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xSpace);
  mBdone = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xDone);
  mBChange = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xChange);
  mBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xBack);
  mNum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.xNum);
  for (int i = 0; i < mB.length; i++)
   mB[i].setOnClickListener(this);
  mBSpace.setOnClickListener(this);
  mBdone.setOnClickListener(this);
  mBack.setOnClickListener(this);
  mBChange.setOnClickListener(this);
  mNum.setOnClickListener(this);

 }

}

Un bon point de départ est l' exemple d'application fourni dans la documentation du développeur .

• Les directives consisteraient simplement à le rendre aussi utilisable que possible. Jetez un œil aux autres disponibles sur le marché pour voir ce que vous devriez viser
• Oui, les services peuvent faire la plupart des choses, y compris Internet; à condition que vous ayez demandé ces autorisations
• Vous pouvez ouvrir des activités et faire ce que vous voulez dans celles-ci si vous rencontrez un problème lors de l'exécution de certaines tâches au clavier. Par exemple, le clavier de HTC a un bouton pour ouvrir l'activité des paramètres, et un autre pour ouvrir une boîte de dialogue pour changer de langue.

Jetez un œil aux autres IME pour voir ce que vous devriez viser. Certains (comme celui officiel) sont open source.

Tout d'abord, vous devez définir un fichier .xml et y créer une interface utilisateur clavier:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:keyWidth="12.50%p"
android:keyHeight="7%p">
<!--
android:horizontalGap="0.50%p"
android:verticalGap="0.50%p"
NOTE When we add a horizontalGap in pixels, this interferes with keyWidth in percentages adding up to 100%
NOTE When we have a horizontalGap (on Keyboard level) of 0, this make the horizontalGap (on Key level) to move from after the key to before the key... (I consider this a bug) 
-->
<Row>
    <Key android:codes="-5" android:keyLabel="remove"  android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
    <Key android:codes="48"    android:keyLabel="0" />
    <Key android:codes="55006" android:keyLabel="clear" />
</Row>
<Row>
    <Key android:codes="49"    android:keyLabel="1"  android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
    <Key android:codes="50"    android:keyLabel="2" />
    <Key android:codes="51"    android:keyLabel="3" />
</Row>
<Row>
    <Key android:codes="52"    android:keyLabel="4"  android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
    <Key android:codes="53"    android:keyLabel="5" />
    <Key android:codes="54"    android:keyLabel="6" />
</Row>

<Row>
    <Key android:codes="55"    android:keyLabel="7"  android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
    <Key android:codes="56"    android:keyLabel="8" />
    <Key android:codes="57"    android:keyLabel="9" />
</Row>

Dans cet exemple, vous avez 4 lignes et dans chaque ligne, vous avez 3 clés. vous pouvez également mettre une icône dans chaque clé que vous voulez.

Ensuite, vous devez ajouter une balise xml dans votre interface utilisateur d'activité comme ceci:

<android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView
        android:id="@+id/keyboardview1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@color/white"
        android:focusable="true"
        android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
        android:visibility="visible" />

Dans votre fichier d'activité .java, vous devez également définir le clavier et l'assigner à un EditText:

CustomKeyboard mCustomKeyboard1 = new CustomKeyboard(this,
            R.id.keyboardview1, R.xml.horizontal_keyboard);
    mCustomKeyboard1.registerEditText(R.id.inputSearch);

Ce code assigne inputSearch (qui est un EditText) à votre clavier.

import android.app.Activity;
import android.inputmethodservice.Keyboard;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView;
import android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.InputType;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.View.OnFocusChangeListener;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.EditText;


public class CustomKeyboard {

/** A link to the KeyboardView that is used to render this CustomKeyboard. */
private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
/** A link to the activity that hosts the {@link #mKeyboardView}. */
private Activity mHostActivity;

/** The key (code) handler. */
private OnKeyboardActionListener mOnKeyboardActionListener = new OnKeyboardActionListener() {

    public final static int CodeDelete = -5; // Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE
    public final static int CodeCancel = -3; // Keyboard.KEYCODE_CANCEL
    public final static int CodePrev = 55000;
    public final static int CodeAllLeft = 55001;
    public final static int CodeLeft = 55002;
    public final static int CodeRight = 55003;
    public final static int CodeAllRight = 55004;
    public final static int CodeNext = 55005;
    public final static int CodeClear = 55006;

    @Override
    public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
        // NOTE We can say '<Key android:codes="49,50" ... >' in the xml
        // file; all codes come in keyCodes, the first in this list in
        // primaryCode
        // Get the EditText and its Editable
        View focusCurrent = mHostActivity.getWindow().getCurrentFocus();
        if (focusCurrent == null
                || focusCurrent.getClass() != EditText.class)
            return;
        EditText edittext = (EditText) focusCurrent;
        Editable editable = edittext.getText();
        int start = edittext.getSelectionStart();
        // Apply the key to the edittext
        if (primaryCode == CodeCancel) {
            hideCustomKeyboard();
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeDelete) {
            if (editable != null && start > 0)
                editable.delete(start - 1, start);
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeClear) {
            if (editable != null)
                editable.clear();
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeLeft) {
            if (start > 0)
                edittext.setSelection(start - 1);
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeRight) {
            if (start < edittext.length())
                edittext.setSelection(start + 1);
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeAllLeft) {
            edittext.setSelection(0);
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeAllRight) {
            edittext.setSelection(edittext.length());
        } else if (primaryCode == CodePrev) {
            View focusNew = edittext.focusSearch(View.FOCUS_BACKWARD);
            if (focusNew != null)
                focusNew.requestFocus();
        } else if (primaryCode == CodeNext) {
            View focusNew = edittext.focusSearch(View.FOCUS_FORWARD);
            if (focusNew != null)
                focusNew.requestFocus();
        } else { // insert character
            editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onPress(int arg0) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onText(CharSequence text) {
    }

    @Override
    public void swipeDown() {
    }

    @Override
    public void swipeLeft() {
    }

    @Override
    public void swipeRight() {
    }

    @Override
    public void swipeUp() {
    }
};

/**
 * Create a custom keyboard, that uses the KeyboardView (with resource id
 * <var>viewid</var>) of the <var>host</var> activity, and load the keyboard
 * layout from xml file <var>layoutid</var> (see {@link Keyboard} for
 * description). Note that the <var>host</var> activity must have a
 * <var>KeyboardView</var> in its layout (typically aligned with the bottom
 * of the activity). Note that the keyboard layout xml file may include key
 * codes for navigation; see the constants in this class for their values.
 * Note that to enable EditText's to use this custom keyboard, call the
 * {@link #registerEditText(int)}.
 * 
 * @param host
 *            The hosting activity.
 * @param viewid
 *            The id of the KeyboardView.
 * @param layoutid
 *            The id of the xml file containing the keyboard layout.
 */
public CustomKeyboard(Activity host, int viewid, int layoutid) {
    mHostActivity = host;
    mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) mHostActivity.findViewById(viewid);
    mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(new Keyboard(mHostActivity, layoutid));
    mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false); // NOTE Do not show the preview
                                            // balloons
    mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(mOnKeyboardActionListener);
    // Hide the standard keyboard initially
    mHostActivity.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);
}

/** Returns whether the CustomKeyboard is visible. */
public boolean isCustomKeyboardVisible() {
    return mKeyboardView.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;
}

/**
 * Make the CustomKeyboard visible, and hide the system keyboard for view v.
 */
public void showCustomKeyboard(View v) {
    mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
    if (v != null)
        ((InputMethodManager) mHostActivity
                .getSystemService(Activity.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE))
                .hideSoftInputFromWindow(v.getWindowToken(), 0);
}

/** Make the CustomKeyboard invisible. */
public void hideCustomKeyboard() {
    mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
    mKeyboardView.setEnabled(false);
}

/**
 * Register <var>EditText<var> with resource id <var>resid</var> (on the
 * hosting activity) for using this custom keyboard.
 * 
 * @param resid
 *            The resource id of the EditText that registers to the custom
 *            keyboard.
 */
public void registerEditText(int resid) {
    // Find the EditText 'resid'
    EditText edittext = (EditText) mHostActivity.findViewById(resid);
    // Make the custom keyboard appear
    edittext.setOnFocusChangeListener(new OnFocusChangeListener() {
        // NOTE By setting the on focus listener, we can show the custom
        // keyboard when the edit box gets focus, but also hide it when the
        // edit box loses focus
        @Override
        public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
            if (hasFocus)
                showCustomKeyboard(v);
            else
                hideCustomKeyboard();
        }
    });
    edittext.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        // NOTE By setting the on click listener, we can show the custom
        // keyboard again, by tapping on an edit box that already had focus
        // (but that had the keyboard hidden).
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            showCustomKeyboard(v);
        }
    });
    // Disable standard keyboard hard way
    // NOTE There is also an easy way:
    // 'edittext.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL)' (but you will not have a
    // cursor, and no 'edittext.setCursorVisible(true)' doesn't work )
    edittext.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
        @Override
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
            EditText edittext = (EditText) v;
            int inType = edittext.getInputType(); // Backup the input type
            edittext.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL); // Disable standard
                                                        // keyboard
            edittext.onTouchEvent(event); // Call native handler
            edittext.setInputType(inType); // Restore input type
            return true; // Consume touch event
        }
    });
    // Disable spell check (hex strings look like words to Android)
    edittext.setInputType(edittext.getInputType()
            | InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_NO_SUGGESTIONS);
}

}

// NOTE How can we change the background color of some keys (like the
// shift/ctrl/alt)?
// NOTE What does android:keyEdgeFlags do/mean